| CASE REPORT |
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| Year : 2021 | Volume
: 15
| Issue : 2 | Page : 233-236 |
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Coomb's negative cold agglutinin disease: A rare report of an incidentally detected case
K V Vinu Balraam1, Adnan Masood2, Nidhi Garg3, Venkatesan Somasundaram4
1 Department of Pathology, Military Hospital, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
2 Colonel's Clinic, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
3 Department of Lab Medicine, Military Hospital, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
4 Dept of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Army Hospital (Research and Referral), New Delhi, India
Correspondence Address:
Dr. K V Vinu Balraam
Department of Pathology, Military Hospital, Roorkee - 247 667, Uttarakhand
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ajts.AJTS_78_20
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Cold agglutinin disease (CAD) is a rare type of autoimmune hemolytic anemia which usually results due to production of immunoglobulin M-type autoantibody against the I/i and H antigens on red blood cell membrane. They can be idiopathic or may be due to underlying lymphoproliferative disorders or atypical infections. It can have a varied presentation ranging from being incidentally detected to being totally transfusion dependent for a longer or shorter duration. Several factors play a role in determining the ability of cold agglutinins in inducing hemolysis such as antibody concentration and temperature. Here, we present a 54-year-old patient, a known case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was admitted to our hospital in the winter months as a case of alcohol withdrawal syndrome. During the course of the stay, the patient developed respiratory insufficiency and went into Type II respiratory failure and hematological investigations revealed features of CAD.
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